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Ode to Death
''Ode to Death'', H. 144, Op. 38, is a musical composition for chorus and orchestra written by English composer Gustav Holst (1874–1934) in 1919. It is a setting of a passage from Walt Whitman's 1865 elegy ''When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd'', which was written to mourn the death of American president Abraham Lincoln.
After World War I, Gustav Holst turned to the last section of Whitman's elegy to mourn friends killed in the war in composing his ''Ode to Death''. Holst saw Whitman "as a New World prophet of tolerance and internationalism as well as a new breed of mystic whose transcendentalism offered an antidote to encrusted Victorianism." According to Sullivan, "Holst invests Whitman's vision of 'lovely and soothing death' with luminous open chords that suggest a sense of infinite space....Holst is interested here in indeterminacy, a feeling of the infinite, not in predictability and closure."〔Sullivan, Jack. ''New World Symphonies: How American Culture Changed European Music, 116, 118〕
In the ''Ode to Death'', the quiet, resigned mood is seen by Matthews as an "abrupt volte-face" after the life-enhancing spirituality of the ''Hymn''.〔Matthews, Colin. "Holst, Gustav". Grove Music Online. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 22 March 2013.〕 Imogen Holst believed the ''Ode'' expressed Holst's private attitude to death.〔Holst, Imogen (1980). Holst, Gustavus Theodore von in Sadie, Stanley (ed.):The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians Volume 8. London: Macmillan., 663.〕 According to fellow composers Ralph Vaughan Williams and Ernest Walker it is considered by many to be Holst's most beautiful choral work.〔Dickinson, Alan Edgar Frederic; Alan Gibbs (ed). Holst's Music—A Guide. (London: Thames, 1995), p. 36〕
==See also==
*List of compositions by Gustav Holst
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